The Benefits of Reducing World Population Essay -- Argumentative Persu

The Benefits of Reducing World Population Researcher Julian Simon attested in 1992 that populace development, saw by numerous individuals to be a developing emergency, was in truth a colossal aid to society. Simon countered the basic contention that overpopulation would bring about hopeless, weakening everyday environments by hypothesizing that populace development, monetary development, and an asset rich world combined with present day innovation will create more noteworthy flourishing and better wellbeing for expanding quantities of individuals (Southwick, p. 160). Given the way that more individuals today are living in wretchedness and destitution than any time in recent memory, Simon's beautiful world has gone to a great extent unsupported (Southwick, p. 161). Late news that the populace blast is presently waiting at that point, should come as extraordinary news to the more prominent segment of people on the planet. As opposed to 12 to 14 billion world occupants in the mid-twenty first century, late figures venture a dec rease from around nine billion individuals in 2050. The contracting of the total populace will without a doubt make extraordinary financial and political changes (Wattenberg, p.1). These anticipated changes, however, appear to be minor in contrast with the poor natural express that most concurred would be reached if the populace blast proceeded in a similar way. It appears just as the contracting of the total populace will take into account the presence of less billions of individuals with progressively bottomless assets and a superior quality condition instead of the presence of 10 to 15 billion individuals living in destitution and malnourishment (Southwick, p. 161). For as long as five years the United Nations has seen a pattern in ripeness rates that will adjust the essence of the globe. As opposed to a fruitfulness pace of 2.1, which was the expected worl... ...once dreaded rate. Sources: Dolan, Edwin G., Ch. 5 from TANSTAAFL: The Economic Strategy for Environmental Crisis 1974 Hansen, J., Ruedy, R., Sato, M., and Lo, K. (2002). A worldwide temperature alteration Continues. Science, 295, 275. Kerr, R. A. (2002). A Brighter Outlook for Good Ozone. Science, 297, 1623-5. NPR Radio Broadcast, March 17, 2002. http://discover.npr.org/highlights/feature.jhtml?wfId=1140067 Poliakoff, M., Fitzpatrick, J. M., Farren, T. R., and Anastas, P. T. (2002). Green Chemistry: Science and Politics of Change. Science, 297, 807-810. Quay, P. (2002). High points and low points of CO2 Uptake. Science, 298, 2344. Southwick, C. H. (1996). Part 15: Human Populations. Global Ecology in Human Perspective. Oxford University Press, 159-182. Wattenberg, B. J. (Walk 8, 2003). It Will Be a Smaller World After All. New York Times: Editorial/Op-Ed Section. The Benefits of Reducing World Population Essay - Argumentative Persu The Benefits of Reducing World Population Researcher Julian Simon affirmed in 1992 that populace development, saw by numerous individuals to be a developing emergency, was in actuality an enormous shelter to society. Simon countered the regular contention that overpopulation would bring about hopeless, weakening day to day environments by proposing that populace development, financial development, and an asset rich world combined with current innovation will create more prominent success and better wellbeing for expanding quantities of individuals (Southwick, p. 160). Given the way that more individuals today are living in hopelessness and destitution than at any other time, Simon's pleasant world has gone to a great extent unsupported (Southwick, p. 161). Ongoing news that the populace blast is at present on hold at that point, should come as incredible news to the more prominent segment of people on the planet. Instead of 12 to 14 billion world occupants in the mid-twenty first century, late figures venture a decay from ab out nine billion individuals in 2050. The contracting of the total populace will without a doubt make extreme monetary and political changes (Wattenberg, p.1). These anticipated changes, however, appear to be minor in contrast with the poor ecological express that most concurred would be reached if the populace blast proceeded in a similar way. It appears as if the contracting of the total populace will take into account the presence of less billions of individuals with progressively bottomless assets and a superior quality condition as opposed to the presence of 10 to 15 billion individuals living in neediness and malnourishment (Southwick, p. 161). For as far back as five years the United Nations has seen a pattern in ripeness rates that will adjust the essence of the globe. As opposed to a richness pace of 2.1, which was the accepted worl... ...once dreaded rate. Sources: Dolan, Edwin G., Ch. 5 from TANSTAAFL: The Economic Strategy for Environmental Crisis 1974 Hansen, J., Ruedy, R., Sato, M., and Lo, K. (2002). A dangerous atmospheric devation Continues. Science, 295, 275. Kerr, R. A. (2002). A Brighter Outlook for Good Ozone. Science, 297, 1623-5. NPR Radio Broadcast, March 17, 2002. http://discover.npr.org/highlights/feature.jhtml?wfId=1140067 Poliakoff, M., Fitzpatrick, J. M., Farren, T. R., and Anastas, P. T. (2002). Green Chemistry: Science and Politics of Change. Science, 297, 807-810. Quay, P. (2002). Good and bad times of CO2 Uptake. Science, 298, 2344. Southwick, C. H. (1996). Section 15: Human Populations. Global Ecology in Human Perspective. Oxford University Press, 159-182. Wattenberg, B. J. (Walk 8, 2003). It Will Be a Smaller World After All. New York Times: Editorial/Op-Ed Section.

Changing Human Behavior Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Changing Human Behavior - Research Paper Example I unequivocally accept that way I know him and comprehend his work design, nobody does in the workplace. It is on the grounds that we for the most part share activities and work in a group once in a while; subsequently I am very much aware of his all work designs moves and techniques. I have been working with him since over 3 years, and I have seen that he invested all that anyone could need energy in each venture for the most part since his psyche stays occupy right off the bat because of his smoking propensity and furthermore he utilizes person to person communication sites during work hours (Kochan and Lipsky, 2003). Because of his propensities and slight non-genuine conduct towards cutoff time of work accommodation, he frequently finishes his individual tasks late. Additionally, in a group, venture a large portion of the occasions others individuals need to invest additional amounts of energy for his sake. Despite the fact that, he burns through a great deal of his time in smoking after each ten to minutes, yet more than that his brain is diverted because of his propensity and enthusiasm for utilizing long range informal communication sites during work time. Along these lines, to assist him with stopping his dependence on long range informal communication, a month back I orchestrated a casual gathering with him at his preferred café (Alvesson and Sveningsson, 2008). I firmly accept that enthusiastic directing can assist one with reexamining about own qualities and shortcomings. I wanted to converse with him typically about my own family, companions and social issues around in the city or network. At that point, getting to the meaningful part I educated him concerning a portion of those seniors in our organization who started their activity vocation as amateur substance engineers in game division, and inside three years they have now been elevated to senior assignment. I purposefully disheartened him at first by saying that he can't get advancement in this or some other association to hit his feelings in regards to work profession and significance of ordinary or month execution in an association. I was certain he will definitely contend with me and attempt to discover purpose for my

Use the IMRaD Structure for to Write and Understand Scientific Essays

Use the IMRaD Structure for to Write and Understand Scientific Essays EP 49: Use the IMRaD Structure to Write and Understand Scientific Essays EP 49: Use the IMRaD Structure to Write and Understand Scientific Essays Some of you have probably seen the acronym IMRaD before. If you havent you need to know what it means and what disciplines use this structure for in essays and research papers. IMRaD is an acronym that stands for introduction, methods, results, and discussion. It is the most commonly used format for scientific papers or papers that are based on experimental studies. Join Cath Anne on Episode 49 as she walks you through the IMRaD structure. Looking for study tips, help with essay writing, or advice on how to be a better student? Welcome to The Homework Help Show, a weekly show where we teach, assist, and offer valuable insights for student life. From study hacks to writing tips, discussions about student mental health to step-by-step guides on academic writing and how to write a resume, weve got you covered. Want your questions answered? Write them below or join the conversation on social media using the hashtag #askHHG TRANSCRIPT: Cath Anne: [00:00:00] Hi guys and welcome back to our channel. My name is Cath Anne and this is episode 49 of The Homework Help Show hosted by Homework Help Global. Here on the show we provide you with valuable content for your academic and student life. Lets jump in. Cath Anne: [00:00:28] Today we want to discuss something that is probably not a favorite topic for all students, which is writing a scientific research paper. More specifically we wanted to discuss the IMRAD structure. If you are planning to go into a masters or a Ph.D. program it can really help to understand the IMRAD structure because this will be something that you will likely be using quite consistently throughout your degree. When you are writing research papers it can also help you while you are in your undergraduate degree because it will allow you to understand scientifically written research papers. Cath Anne: [00:01:11] It is important and effective to learn the research structure before you conduct any research. Lets talk about the basic structure of the IMRAD. Some of you have probably seen the acronym IMRAD before I,M,R,A,D but if you havent youll need to know what it means and what disciplines use this structure. Cath Anne: [00:01:35] IMRAD is an acronym that stands for introduction, methods, results, and or analysis, and discussion. There is some debate in the field around what the A stands for in the acronym. Some people say that the A stands for and simply joining the rest of the terms and some people believe that it stands for analysis. Today we will talk about analysis as well as the and. Cath Anne: [00:02:06] In some disciplines such as medicine for example the Emeraude research structure is the only structure that is used in research papers. If we think about it the IMRAD structure has a lot in common with the three paragraph essay. In the three paragraph essay, to start with your introduction. You move onto the body and in the IMRAD this makes up the methods, results, and discussion section. And finally in the three paragraph essay you have your conclusion which is wrapped up by the discussion section in the IMRAD format. Cath Anne: [00:02:44] Now lets break it down and discuss each component of the route essay. First of course we have the introduction. The introduction states your topic and its a research problem that you are trying to address. First you state the topic youre going to address and then you move on to a review of the literature. Essentially you are establishing what research exists out there on the topic that you are hoping to discuss in your research. Finally in your introduction youll want to establish a gap that you will intern fill with your research. Cath Anne: [00:03:21] Secondly we have the methods section depending on what type of research you are going to do. There are all different types of methods that you will be using to collect data so the methods section can take a variety of different forms. This section should be clear detailed and to the point it will also specifically focus on only the research. Be sure in your methods section not to talk about any analysis or discussion you are simply discussing how you collected the data in your research. Be very detailed in this discussion. For example if you interview people talk about how many people you interviewed and include demographic information on the other hand if you conducted an experimental study talk about how you tested and how many times you tested you will want to include specifics and details to let your audience know what you have done in your research. Cath Anne: [00:04:26] Thirdly we have the results section. The results section includes tables, graphs, quotations if you conduct qualitative interviews. In this section you are telling your audience what the results of your research is. In the section you are working towards an analysis but you are not doing an analysis as of yet that will come in the sections to follow. Cath Anne: [00:04:56] Fourth is the analysis section. Now remember this is sometimes just a little a which is and. But well talk about how it is the analysis section here. The analysis section discusses information about your research and includes a talk about what you or your audience could potentially learn from your research. Here you are presenting some ideas and are drawing the research together to discuss what the research implies youre tying your research together and discussing what the research might suggest. Cath Anne: [00:05:32] Finally we have the discussion section the discussion section focuses on knowledge that has been garnered by the research. Here you will also want to include any limitations on your research study and youll also want to include any future research that could be done on your specific topic if youve discovered something alarming in your research, youll want to discuss that in the discussion section. You will also make recommendations based on your research. You can use this structure when you are doing scientific research and it can also help you to easier understand articles that you might see in your undergraduate degree. If you want to see this structure in action I recommend going and looking at a few scientific papers. This will give you a sense of what the red structure looks like and youll be able to pick up on and understand more details of both scientific essays. Cath Anne: [00:06:37] Okay so thats it for me this week guys. I hope this video was of benefit. If you liked this video please give it a thumbs up and make sure to subscribe to our channel if you have any questions please jump into the comments. We always love to hear from you, And if you want to connect with us on social media all of our platforms are linked and listed in the description box below. Thanks for joining me. Use the IMRaD Structure for to Write and Understand Scientific Essays EP 49: Use the IMRaD Structure to Write and Understand Scientific Essays EP 49: Use the IMRaD Structure to Write and Understand Scientific Essays Some of you have probably seen the acronym IMRaD before. If you havent you need to know what it means and what disciplines use this structure for in essays and research papers. IMRaD is an acronym that stands for introduction, methods, results, and discussion. It is the most commonly used format for scientific papers or papers that are based on experimental studies. Join Cath Anne on Episode 49 as she walks you through the IMRaD structure. Looking for study tips, help with essay writing, or advice on how to be a better student? Welcome to The Homework Help Show, a weekly show where we teach, assist, and offer valuable insights for student life. From study hacks to writing tips, discussions about student mental health to step-by-step guides on academic writing and how to write a resume, weve got you covered. Want your questions answered? Write them below or join the conversation on social media using the hashtag #askHHG TRANSCRIPT: Cath Anne: [00:00:00] Hi guys and welcome back to our channel. My name is Cath Anne and this is episode 49 of The Homework Help Show hosted by Homework Help Global. Here on the show we provide you with valuable content for your academic and student life. Lets jump in. Cath Anne: [00:00:28] Today we want to discuss something that is probably not a favorite topic for all students, which is writing a scientific research paper. More specifically we wanted to discuss the IMRAD structure. If you are planning to go into a masters or a Ph.D. program it can really help to understand the IMRAD structure because this will be something that you will likely be using quite consistently throughout your degree. When you are writing research papers it can also help you while you are in your undergraduate degree because it will allow you to understand scientifically written research papers. Cath Anne: [00:01:11] It is important and effective to learn the research structure before you conduct any research. Lets talk about the basic structure of the IMRAD. Some of you have probably seen the acronym IMRAD before I,M,R,A,D but if you havent youll need to know what it means and what disciplines use this structure. Cath Anne: [00:01:35] IMRAD is an acronym that stands for introduction, methods, results, and or analysis, and discussion. There is some debate in the field around what the A stands for in the acronym. Some people say that the A stands for and simply joining the rest of the terms and some people believe that it stands for analysis. Today we will talk about analysis as well as the and. Cath Anne: [00:02:06] In some disciplines such as medicine for example the Emeraude research structure is the only structure that is used in research papers. If we think about it the IMRAD structure has a lot in common with the three paragraph essay. In the three paragraph essay, to start with your introduction. You move onto the body and in the IMRAD this makes up the methods, results, and discussion section. And finally in the three paragraph essay you have your conclusion which is wrapped up by the discussion section in the IMRAD format. Cath Anne: [00:02:44] Now lets break it down and discuss each component of the route essay. First of course we have the introduction. The introduction states your topic and its a research problem that you are trying to address. First you state the topic youre going to address and then you move on to a review of the literature. Essentially you are establishing what research exists out there on the topic that you are hoping to discuss in your research. Finally in your introduction youll want to establish a gap that you will intern fill with your research. Cath Anne: [00:03:21] Secondly we have the methods section depending on what type of research you are going to do. There are all different types of methods that you will be using to collect data so the methods section can take a variety of different forms. This section should be clear detailed and to the point it will also specifically focus on only the research. Be sure in your methods section not to talk about any analysis or discussion you are simply discussing how you collected the data in your research. Be very detailed in this discussion. For example if you interview people talk about how many people you interviewed and include demographic information on the other hand if you conducted an experimental study talk about how you tested and how many times you tested you will want to include specifics and details to let your audience know what you have done in your research. Cath Anne: [00:04:26] Thirdly we have the results section. The results section includes tables, graphs, quotations if you conduct qualitative interviews. In this section you are telling your audience what the results of your research is. In the section you are working towards an analysis but you are not doing an analysis as of yet that will come in the sections to follow. Cath Anne: [00:04:56] Fourth is the analysis section. Now remember this is sometimes just a little a which is and. But well talk about how it is the analysis section here. The analysis section discusses information about your research and includes a talk about what you or your audience could potentially learn from your research. Here you are presenting some ideas and are drawing the research together to discuss what the research implies youre tying your research together and discussing what the research might suggest. Cath Anne: [00:05:32] Finally we have the discussion section the discussion section focuses on knowledge that has been garnered by the research. Here you will also want to include any limitations on your research study and youll also want to include any future research that could be done on your specific topic if youve discovered something alarming in your research, youll want to discuss that in the discussion section. You will also make recommendations based on your research. You can use this structure when you are doing scientific research and it can also help you to easier understand articles that you might see in your undergraduate degree. If you want to see this structure in action I recommend going and looking at a few scientific papers. This will give you a sense of what the red structure looks like and youll be able to pick up on and understand more details of both scientific essays. Cath Anne: [00:06:37] Okay so thats it for me this week guys. I hope this video was of benefit. If you liked this video please give it a thumbs up and make sure to subscribe to our channel if you have any questions please jump into the comments. We always love to hear from you, And if you want to connect with us on social media all of our platforms are linked and listed in the description box below. Thanks for joining me.

Money Should Not Be Given as An Incentive to Donate Organs...

Organ donation is when a donor with a healthy functioning organ gives a person who has a failing organ their organ; organ donation can occur when the donor is living, but certain organs-such as a heart-requires the donor to be deceased. Organ donation is a topic that is very important because it deals with whether people live or die, and it doesnt help that the amount of recipients for organs is greater than the amount of donors. According to Brian Hansens Organ Shortage its stated that about 115 people are added a day to the 80,700 people who are in need of organs, and of these people only 66 people a day actually gets organs (155). This means that the amount of people waiting for organs surpass the amount of organs readily available.†¦show more content†¦Money should not be used as an incentive because people should give with sincerity. To donate means to give something to charity. If money was being received for donating organs then it wouldnt be donating; instead one wou ld be getting paid for there organs. I wouldnt go as far as saying donating organs its our God-given duty (Fisanick). However, if a person is going to donate their organs to save someone elses life they should be doing it because it is what they feel is right. A person should not donate their organs just for the money they could possibly get-if they were to get money. The idea that people should give for the good should be present once they have passed also. Assuming that a donor is already deceased there would be no purpose to give the family money for the organs. The reason being that the deceased no longer have use for the organs. So knowing that the organs will be harvest once deceased when its chosen to give organs. It should be assumed that the person is giving the organs as a gesture from the hearts and not for the money for their family. Money should not be used as an incentive because it will cause the black market to rise. By giving out money to donors it can cause anyone to come into a hospital with organs to sell. This would be bad because the donors are not screened. That could cause some background information from the donor that is need to know to be omitted. It could also cause doctors to just trust the people selling to organsShow MoreRelatedThe Issue Of Human Rights1444 Words   |  6 PagesSince the first successful organ transplant was performed, the life-changing procedure that has saved thousands of lives has become a much desired route for those in need of a new organ. The unfortunate scenario in most cases is that someone needs to die in order for another to live. With voluntary organ donors now growing in numbers upon their own death, there is still a high demand for organs that is not being met to the satisfaction of many patients who are on a waiting list. When the subjectRead MoreAltruism Versus Morality : What Truly Matters When It Is911 Words   |  4 PagesMatters When It Comes to Organ Donation? In Sally Satel s â€Å"When Altruism Isn t Moral† discusses the problem with the outrageous expectation the healthcare system has for organ donation and reception. Satel says â€Å"it is lethally obvious that altruism is not a valid basis for transplant policy. If we keep thinking of organs solely as gifts, there will never be enough of them.† I agree with Satel; the social requirements that a donor has to meet before being able to donate an organ is too restricted andRead MoreFinancial Incentives on Organ Donation1582 Words   |  7 PagesMore than 100,000 men, women and children in need of life-saving organ transplants, every 10 minutes another person is added to the national organ transplant waiting list and averages of 18 people die each day from the lack of available organs. (donatelife.net) Organ transplants are very important because they replace the damaged organ and help the body function once again. There are still huge shortages of organs, even after awarene ss and other ways of educating the public. Some Americans are openRead MoreThe Current Organ Donation System1482 Words   |  6 Pageslist for an organ donation. That is six people every hour, 144 every day, and 1008 every week. Approximately 120 thousand people need an organ transplant to survive. Of all of those people, only 79 thousand people are on an active wait list, while only 20 thousand transplantations have been completed this year. There are not enough donors to meet the current organ demand, and of those that do donate organs, the costs incurred by the donor do not equal the benefits. The current organ donation systemRead MoreOrgan Sales713 Words   |  3 PagesSelling Organs Many people are dying each day because of the lack of organs available. Waiting lists can be as long as 106,000 people. On an average 17 patients in need of transplants die each day. Is this fair to the families or is selling organs a better option? What are the benefits of organ selling and should it be made legal? By legalizing organ selling we would be saving lives. People sell organs on the black market every day; the downfall to this is that the surgeons that removeRead MoreBodily Products Should Not Be Marketable773 Words   |  3 PagesOrgans play an important role in the functioning of the human body. We are born with them, and they work throughout our lives to keep us alive and well. Some people aren’t so lucky and may have an organ dysfunction or health issue that requires them to get an organ transplant. In this case, a donor whose tissue cells match the recipient’s must be the one to donate. However, this process could take from a few days to a few years since there are many people on the waiting list. This provokes the controversialRead MoreBeing An Organ Donor Before They Die994 Words   |  4 Pagesstrategy suggested being Education; some educational efforts focus on increasing the number of peo ple who consent to be an organ donor before they die, and others focus on educating families when they are considering giving consent for their deceased loved one’s organs. Another potential strategy is mandated choice where every individual would have to indicate their wishes regarding organ transplantation in legal documents e.g. drivers licenses and hospitals must comply with the written wishes of the individualRead MoreOrgan Donation Vs. No Pay For Organ Donors892 Words   |  4 PagesWhen faced with the argument of paying organ donors versus no pay for organ donors, the tension between both parties could be cut with a knife. Meanwhile, there’s thousands of patients on the organ waiting list to date, some being fortunate while others aren’t. In other words, these patients are dying because their life is depending on people that aren’t willing to donate. There are many who agree that paying an organ donor doesn’t have to belittle the virtue of one’s beliefs, but instead a chanceRead MoreEssay on Organ Sales1478 Words   |  6 PagesOrgan Sales: Legalize for the Greater Good Every day, numerous people across the world stop their lives for four hours to get hooked up to a dialysis machine at a hospital nearby. This machine helps to remove harmful wastes, toxins, excess salt, and water from their body because unfortunately their body cannot do so for them. These people wait on a list until they can one day receive a kidney transplant because kidney failure has resulted in their body not being able to clean their blood properlyRead MoreOrgan Donation And The Death Donor1538 Words   |  7 Pages Organ donation has been on the downward trend in the last couple of years while the need for healthy organ donors are on the rise. On the average day, twenty-two people die while waiting on the organ transplant list. While it can only take one person to be a living donor to save a life, and in the case of being a donor after death, one person can save up to eight people. Since the gap between organ donation and the need for organs continues to grow apart, somethin g has to be done to reverse this

Process Essay - 930 Words

How to win With each new football season comes a new fantast football season. New senses of hope and joy that this could be the year that you win it all start to set in. The preparation for the draft is as important as the draft itself. The first step to creating a successful fantasy team is to join a league well before the season. This is important because without joining a league it is impossible to make a winning team. Danny joined his league three weeks before his draft date, which will give him ample time to prepare for it. After joining a league the next step is to learn the rules of the league so planning who to draft becomes specified. The rules of the league determine the size of the roster along with the points that are†¦show more content†¦It is also important to change the lineup every week to maximize projected points for the team because the higher the projected points are the more likely the actual points will be high. In Fig. 1 the lineup is shown for the week and it shows the projected points in the top right and the actual points just below it. Also in Fig. 1 is the points each player earned and the stats they earned them f or. This is important because a player can become hot or go into a slump. When a player is hot it is important to keep him in the lineup, but when a player is in a slump it is important to decide whether to keep him in or to switch him for a backup player who is performing. On Danny’s team his star running back was in a slump but Danny determined it was because the teams his running back was facing were teams that did not give up many points to running backs so he decided to leave him in for the nextShow MoreRelatedApplication Essay : A Process Essay770 Words   |  4 Pagesassign an essay. The entire class lets out a groan that could be heard from miles away, however this doesn’t phase your professor. The essay is assigned: a process essay. Now what? What is a process essay? How do you go about writing one? How do you get the A you so desperately need? This paper will discuss everything one needs to know in order to write the perfect process essay such as the definit ion of a process essay, how to construct it, and how to use proper transitions to make the essay flow. Read More Process Analysis Essay for Writing Papers648 Words   |  3 Pages Process Analysis Essay   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When writing a paper it can be very difficult unless you break it up into sections. When I had to write my first paper I felt like a man on a desert island all alone without a clue on how to do anything. But with the help of a few teachers they taught me how to survive on the island of writing papers. What the teachers taught me was that just like everything in life it needs to be taken in steps. The steps they taught me still apply to the papers I write to this dayRead MoreEssay about Self-Analysis of Writing Process962 Words   |  4 Pagestoo. I had a very difficult time trying to find the right words that would make up my essay. The most common mistake I made was assuming that the readers would naturally know the common knowledge I had acquired through my research. They, of course did not know the background information that I knew and so the phrase or sentence that I wrote sounded very vague or off topic to the reader. For example, in my third essay about Th e Series Survivor Vs. The Amazing Race, I had this sentence â€Å"Television’s popularRead MoreEssay on The Writing Process944 Words   |  4 PagesConsider how the writing process you read about in this class differs from the process you have used in the past. What specifically have you done in the past compared to what you read about this week? . The process that I have read about in this class differs a lot from the process I have used in the past in many different ways. I n the past when I was given a writing assignment if research was needed I just found the basic information I needed and write the paper. After the readings this weekRead MoreHaber Process Essay866 Words   |  4 PagesTejas Gandesha Ms. Rajeev Science 10 Tuesday, October 24, 2017 Haber Process One World Essay The Haber Process, also known as the Haber-Bosch Process, was discovered in the first half of the 20th Century, by a man named Fritz Haber. The Haber could be considered to be a very high on technological advance/discovery in the past 100 years. The world has had many mixed opinions on Fritz Haber and his development of the Haber Process. The manufacture of Ammonia has a lot of history and science behind itRead MoreWriting A Good Essay Is The Most Important Step Of The Whole Writing Process902 Words   |  4 PagesWhen it comes to writing an essay, many students start writing their papers with the technique they prefer to write their essays with. While others sit there for an hour trying to get their ideas written down on a paper. Writing a good essay is a step by step method but it is a skill that is learned through hard work and practice not through memorizing. A successful writer writes and rethinks the ideas before submitting a paper. The writing process is a very important tech nique to have to start aRead MoreWriting As A Process : A Reflective Essay1379 Words   |  6 PagesWriting as a Process: A Reflective Essay I’ve always thought of myself as an above average writer. Why wouldn’t I considering the praise I’d get from teachers, professors, parents and friends alike? Consequently, English became one of my favorite subjects. With little effort put forth I received exemplary marks on all my work and easily earned the approval of my English teachers. However, things began to change upon my arrival at the University of Georgia. I took my first college-level English classRead More Controlling Process in Management Essay1429 Words   |  6 PagesControlling Process in Management Controlling is directly related to planning. The controlling process ensures that plans are being implemented properly. In the functions of management cycle - planning, organizing, directing, and controlling - planning moves forward into all the other functions, and controlling reaches back. Controlling is the final link in the functional chain of management activities and brings the functions of management cycle full circle. Control is the process throughRead MoreDue Process Procedures Essay1020 Words   |  5 PagesThe law of due process simply mean educators accused of something have protection. The protection should be fair and reasonable to balance social concern such as government affair and criminal behavior. The employee rights originated from state and federal constitutional provisions, statues, and regulations. The Civil Rights Act of 1964 protects educators employed in private or public schools (Oliva, 2009). In addition, the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment protects educatorsRead MoreCh7 Process Management Essay4889 Words   |  20 PagesCHAPTER 7 PROCESS MANAGEMENT TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS 1. Process management is defined as the controlling and improving of processes after they have been designed. Answer: F AACSB: Analytic Skills 2. Support processes generally do not directly add value to products and services. Answer: T AACSB: Reflective Thinking Skills 3. Processes must be both measurable and repeatable to be improved. Answer: T AACSB: Analytic Skills 4. A well-run

Songs Of Innocence And Experience English Literature Essay Free Essays

Blake considers, that tellurian human life is a manner of psyche from A ­ Eternity and back in Eternity. The psyche apparels in a flesh for the tellurian being. It holds in recollection Eternity, that is Innocence. We will write a custom essay sample on Songs Of Innocence And Experience English Literature Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now But the got Knowledge deforms, obscures this memory. On the other manus, tellurian being, harmonizing to Emmanuel Swedenborg ‘s philosophy is reflection of that occurs in Eternity. Blake the thought non merely every bit philosophical footing uses this. It applies it as A ­ an artistic touch. Therefore in each verse form the dual sense is hidden. When Blake describes a rural landscape, games A ­ of kids, a pray in St. Paul ‘s A ­cathedral, it invariably reminds, that it is a inquiry non of simple day-to-day A ­ events, and about the Eternal Life. Echoes of this Ageless Life we, mortal, can catch, fondling the babe or pressing N µNˆN?N‚N? a lamb. If we possess though to some extent ability of godly vision. Thankss to this implied sense field A ­ kids ‘s poetries turn to serious A ­ philosophical merchandise. At this clip Blake it is unbounded trusts in ? ±? »? °N?N‚N?N‚N? and clemency of the God. The God is a unvarying and alone good beginning, and the Human Son – the Christ – the invariable curate and the guardian A ­ of people. Blake divided Swedenborg ‘s sights which rejected the construct of the Sacred Trinity. Swedenborg asserted, that the God is unvarying, the God has merely condescended for some clip for the Earth in image Jesus Christ. On the other manus, harmonizing to Swedenborg ‘s philosophy, the interior universe of the individual is at the same time and the universe heavenly. The love, compassion, attention about near are â€Å" conformance † to that occurs in the Sky, that is conformance to the God. Each of us is the smallest A ­ similarity of the Sky, or A «the Sacred imageA » . As effect the Eternity as a fusion is good fortune accomplishable non merely out of tellurian being. It can be found in a shower of everyo ne person, concluded in a animal screen, but merely if the psyche keeps true spiritualty, or Innocence. But a existent tellurian life – a valley non merely pleasures, but besides sorrows. A «Songs of InnocenceA » are full every bit both pleasances, A ­ and agonies – both that and another an kernel necessary parts A ­ of a Godhead Craft. The psyche rejoices, for shops memory of A ­ Eternity, but the flesh is doomed to endure. A «Songs of InnocenceA » describe A ­ both merriment, and a heartache, However light motivations prevail in images of a rhythm: A «Songs of InnocenceA » speak about happyA ­ and sorrowless A «a status of psyche humanA » , about A ­ Godhead protection, about spiritualty of the tellurian universe. Creation A «Songs of InnocenceA » has been finished in 1789. At that clip Blake believed this rhythm the finished merchandise. However in five old ages he has created a new rhythm A «Songs of ExperienceA » which has been united together with A «Songs of InnocenceA » in built-in merchandise A «Songs of Innocence and Experience Proving the Two Contrary States of the Human SoulA » . By this clip at Blake sights at the universe have radically changed. Assortment of the grounds has caused this alteration, in peculiar, letdown in the Gallic Revolution and a backdown from thoughts of Emmanuel Swedenborg. Early sights Blake can be defined conditionally as â€Å" Christian † , and it is possible to call its new construct â€Å" natural † . In what consists it A « naturalA » ? The poet at an early phase about focused all attending to extraterrestrial being of psyche and on idyllic Eternity. Echoes of this Eternity can be observed in some tellurian shows. The Divine, nevertheless, has been separated A ­from tellurian plenty by an accurate side. Achievement A ­ of full harmoniousness, a religious ideal likely merely in Eternity, and the tellurian life is held down by a flesh and accordingly is A ­ a valley of sorrows and cryings. By composing clip A «Songs of ExperienceA » Blake has well changed the point of position. Now it transfers the attending to a tellurian A ­ world. Terrestrial heartaches do non do in it more thought on retribution in the hereafter. The protest alternatively ripens: the life could be ideal A ­ and on the Earth, but the Earth is burd ened by â€Å" religious fettersA » which are necessary for dumping. In this instance there will be A «a returning A ­ of the EarthA » , that is earthly Eden coming. Poem A «The Chimney SweeperA » is a typical illustration of polemic Blake of times A «Songs of InnocenceA » with Blake times A «Songs of ExperienceA » . Heroes of two verse forms are similar to the indistinguishable name among themselves, but in the first the little chimney expanse is unfortunate because of the adversity, in the 2nd – is capable to prove pleasance reverse to them. In the first it finds a solace in the God let go ofing it from â€Å" casket † of a tellurian life, in the 2nd – is dressed in â€Å" shroud † on the Earth by the God ( is more exact, the God-fearing parents ) is doomed to agonies. Accusatory poignancy is every bit strong in both verse forms, but in everyone it sounds in ain manner: in the first – the felicity is possible merely in celestial spheres as atonement of tellurian heartaches, in the 2nd – the felicity would be possible and on the Earth if non ferociousness A ­ of bing uses. THE CHIMNEY SWEEPER ( Songs of Innocence ) When my female parent died I was really immature, And my male parent sold me while yet my lingua, Could barely cry weep weep weep weep. So your chimneys I sweep amp ; in carbon black I sleep. Theres small Tom Dacre, who cried when his caput That curi ‘d wish a lambs back, was shav ‘d, so I said, Hush Tom ne’er mind it, for when your caput ‘s bare, You know that the carbon black can non botch your white hair. And so he was quiet, A ; that really dark, As Tom was a sleeping he had such a sight, That 1000s of sweepers Dick, Joe, Ned A ; Jack Were all of them lock ‘d up in caskets of black, And by came an Angel who had a bright key, And he unfastened ‘d the caskets A ; set them all free. Then down a green field jumping express joying they run And wash in a river A ; radiance in the Sun. Then naked A ; white, all their bags left behind, They rise upon clouds, and athletics in the air current. And the Angel told Tom, if he ‘d be a good male child, He ‘d hold God for his male parent A ; ne’er want joy. And so Tom awoke and we rose in the dark And got with our bags A ; our coppices to work. Tho ‘ the forenoon was cold, Tom was happy A ; warm. So if all do their responsibility, they need non fear injury. THE CHIMNEY SWEEPER ( Songs of Experience ) A small black thing among the snow: Shouting weep, weep, in notes of suffering! Where are thy male parent A ; mother? state? They are both gone up to the church to pray. Because I was happy upon the heath, And smil ‘d among the winters snow: They clothed me in the apparels of decease, And taught me to sing the notes of suffering. And because I am happy, A ; dance A ; sing, They think they have done me no hurt: And are gone to praise God A ; his Priest A ; King Who make up a Eden of our wretchedness. The universe is conceived as made, but the spirit human stays A ­in a prevarication and pretension trap: it is new doctrine Blake. The poet already non the shepherd-boy with a pipe, as in A «Songs of InnocenceA » . Introduction Shrieking down the vale wild Piping vocals of pleasant hilarity On a cloud I saw a kid. And he express joying said to me. Shriek a vocal about a Lamb: So I piped with merry chear, Piper pipe that vocal once more – So I piped, he wept to hear. Drop thy pipe thy happy pipe Sing thy vocals of happy chear, So I sung the same once more While he wept with joy to hear. Piper sit thee down and compose In a book that all may read – So he vanish ‘d from my sight, And I pluck ‘d a hollow reed. And I made a rural pen, And I stain ‘d the H2O clear, And I wrote my happy vocals, Every kid may rejoice to hear The new Poet is a Bard, clairvoyant, the prophesier. Its job – A ­ to demo to people a manner to spirit glade. THE VOICE OF THE ANCIENT BARD Young person of delight semen hither, And see the gap forenoon, Image of truth new born. Doubt is fled amp ; clouds of ground, Dark disputes A ; disingenuous teazing. Folly is an eternal labyrinth. Tangled roots perplex her ways, How many have fallen at that place! They stumble all dark over castanetss of the dead: And experience they know non what but attention: And wish to take others when they should be led. The new phase of religious manner Blake is connected with crisp turn Swedenborg ‘s thoughts down. Blake has seen them from the new party. Blake Markss in spiritual swedenborgian doctrine its nonreversible kernel, bigotry, the passiveness discourse. Swedenborg wrote, that the individual religious is the individual obedient to the God. Blake foremost was wholly agree with this statement, but so it had uncertainties in illustriousness and justness of the God. The God became for Blake a absolutism embodimentA ­ .  µÃ‚ µÃ‚ ±Nˆ tested to explicate an interior universe through constructs A ­ of a material universe. Thus the material universe was reduced to a pale A ­copy of the all right and perfect universe heavenly. Blake, holding crossed through tenet of Swedenborg, has resolutely rejected distinction of the stuff and religious universes. He asserted, that true spiritualty is put in pawn in the Nature and merely waits A ­ for the Apocalypse, rebellion against godly co nstitutions A ­ to be shown in full force. In A «Experience SongsA » NN there is one of figures Blake ‘s mythologies – God Urizen ( compare Your Reason ) . Urizen is the incarnation of conventional ground and jurisprudence which resist to liberate, free Imagination. Urizen is depicted in Blake ‘s watercoloured etching â€Å" The Ancient of Days † . The brace A «Imagination – ReasonA » – merely a portion of a concatenation A ­ of contrasts which penetrates all rhythm and sets its nonliteral system: Light – Dark, Good – Angrily, the Life – Death, the Youth – the Old age, the Man ‘s get downing – the Female beginning, free love – suppression of desires etc. Blake counterposes his â€Å" Contraries † to Swedenborg ‘s thought of equilibrium. â€Å" Without Contraries is no patterned advance † , says Blake. â€Å" Attraction and Repulsion, Reason and Energy, Love and Hate are necessary to Human being. † The opposite beginnings are impossible one without another, but therefore Blake accepted for positive A ­remain positive, and accepted for negative – negative throughout all rhythm, in any context, and it in many respects helps to decode symbols of Blake. THE HUMAN ABSTRACT Pity would be no more. If we did non do person Poor: And Mercy no more could be, If all were every bit happy as we: And common fright brings peace: Till the selfish loves addition. Then Cruelty knits a trap, And distribute his come-ons with attention. He sits down with holy frights, And waters the land with cryings: Then Humility takes its root Underneath his pes. Soon spreads the blue shadiness Of Mystery over his caput ; And the Catterpiller and Fly, Feed on the Mystery. And it bears the fruit of Deceit, Ruddy and sweet to eat: And the Raven his nest has made In its thickest shadiness. The Gods of the Earth and sea, Sought through Nature to happen this Tree, But their hunt was all in vain ; There grows one in the Human Brain. This verse form ( brace to A «THE DIVINE IMAGEA » from the first rhythm ) – cardinal for apprehension of philosophical system A «A ­ Experience SongsA » . Here Kindly, the Tolerance, the World, Love become a constituent of the unnatural societal constitutions A ­ bing in land Urizen, – that is the philosophical construct A «Innocence SongsA » is wholly discredited. Having shown falseness and lip service of the basic virtuousnesss of Innocence, Blake builds new fable of private universe of the individual in which footing the image of the Tree lays favourite it. It from Fear and Humility – holier-than-thou humbleness of a lamb ( compare a verse form â€Å" Lily † ) grows and shortly spreads a glooming hag of Belief, that is unnatural, far-fetched faith which feeds the Caterpillar and a Moth, churchmans being here symbols. At last, the Tree brings the Deceit fruit, that is lie and pretension A ­ ( therefore it is sweet ) , and on the Tree there is a Raven – a decease symbol. Such see BlakeN? private universe of the individual and A ­ a religious manner of the world which has been held down ironss of U rizen. In last A ­ stanza it is underlined, that A «gods of the sea and the earthA » , that is wildlife, unvarying with Imagination, could non happen this Tree as there is it in a human encephalon and cultivates him Urizen – inert, non originative Reason. THE DIVINE IMAGE To Mercy Pity Peace and Love, All pray in their hurt: And to these virtuousnesss of delectation Return their gratefulness. For Mercy Pity Peace and Love, Is God our male parent beloved: And Mercy Pity Peace and Love, Is Man his kid and attention. For Mercy has a human bosom Pity, a human face: And Love, the human signifier Godhead, And Peace, the human frock. Then every adult male of every climate, That prays in his hurt, Prays to the human signifier Godhead Love Mercy Pity Peace. And all must love the human signifier, In pagan, Turk or Jew. Where Mercy, Love A ; Pity dwell, There God is brooding excessively. In this verse form, cardinal for A « Songs of Innocence, in the most distinguishable form the basic thought of a rhythm appears: the human nature is godly. The individual and the God is one thing. Loving the individual, we love besides the God, in the God we love Its humanity. Here the basic, cardinal virtuousnesss of the universe of â€Å" Innocence SongsA » are straight named: Good, Tolerance, the World, Love, every bit of import as for a life terrestrial, and heavenly. These virtuousnesss in the â€Å" perfect † signifier exist in celestial spheres, and in the â€Å" reflected † sort ( harmonizing to A «to the philosophy about conformityA » ) are given people, and the people transporting in the Sacred Image, should portion them with each other. The true Christian – the 1 who professes Good, Tolerance, the World, Love, that is that who creates an image of Eternity on the Earth, and in this sense there is no differentiation between the states and faiths ( comparison at Swedenborg: A « To the individual professing love to approach, a manner on the Sky it is opened irrespective of its tellurian faith – the belief is learnt non by faith. Any individual carry oning a life moral and religious, comprises the Sky A » ) . Harmonizing to new sights Blake, the manner to A «returning of the EarthA ­A » lays through release of desires ( first of all – loveA ­ ) which are connected Reason ‘s ironss – Urizen In a triumph A ­ of natural aspirations – both fleshes, and spirit- . Blake sees the Imagination jubilation, falling of â€Å" religious fettersA » . The tellurian, A ­ animal life with natural spiritualty ab initio built-in in it becomes for Blake the new ideal lifting to the topographic point of A ­ idyllic Eternity. However in the bulk of verse forms â€Å" Songs of A ­ Experience A » it is a inquiry of suppression of natural inherent aptitudes A ­ or about penalty for their show, from here – terrible, A ­ sometimes acrimonious and hopeless tone of this rhythm. In A «Experience SongsA » , surely, acerb plenty, A ­ â€Å" satirical † leer over light, beaming – and A ­ perfectly unlikely – the universe of â€Å" Songs of Innocence A » contains, A ­A ­ and in this sense the 2nd rhythm bears on itself the letdown imperativeness. However it non is letdown in a life in general, more likely, A ­ letdown in former ideals. However, to state, that Blake A ­ wholly rejects the former representations, would be A ­ hyperbole: he names the former vision â€Å" nonreversible † , the thoughts â€Å" limited † , but wholly non wrong. Experience A ­ does non deny Innocence, but takes off to it a modest topographic point of one of facets of assortment of the universe. Blake shows, that Mildness is impossible without Violence, Mercy without Suffering, Pleasure without Grief, and Good without Harm. A «Skilled A ­ InnocenceA » , uniting cleanliness with release of desires, A ­ holiness with absenc e of pretension and lip service, natural A ­A «divine visionA » with the got knowledge becomes ideal BlakeA ­A ­A ­ . In a word, Experience assumes wider and diverse A ­ image of the universe including Innocence as one of two tantamount – and equal in rights – the parties, each of which A ­ is every bit necessary, that is why is sacred. However the basic idea of a rhythm however consists that in land of Urizen of virtuousness of Innocence reasonably frequently A ­ turn to the contrasts. For this ground so A ­ unconditionally discredits Blake Kindly, Tolerance, the World, Love which become symbols of prevarication, lip service and pretension so ruthlessly onslaughts clemencies and faith which are the grounds of cryings and agonies. While there are A «spiritual A ­ fettersA » , idyll is unaccessible, but after falling of these hobbles Paradise is possible and on the Earth for the Nature, as a affair of fact, and is that ? ­Ã‚ µ which will transport out finally all human desires. A «Experience songsA » sing scolded, but non killed beauty A ­ of a tellurian life, individuality of the Nature and the God – merely in such sense and it is necessary to understand them A «naturalA » . Its book A «The Marriage of Heaven and HellA » , ( 1790 ) became the pronunciamento of â€Å" natural † sights Blake. Difficultly plenty with truth to specify a genre of this merchandise is at the same time both the philosophical treatise, and the arch of apothegms, and a verse form in prose: doubtless, Blake meaningly A ­ tried to imitate bible stylistics. It is devoted polemic with A ­ initial Christianity, no less than with Swedenborg sights. Developing A «theomachicA » the tradition traveling in the English A ­ literature from J. Milton ( from its verse form A «Lost ParadiseA » , 1667 ) , Blake declares insolvent the standard Christian construct of Good and Harm. Kind ( Sky ) Sung in A «A ­ Innocence SongsA ­A » and represented by Christian faith as proceeding from the God and, therefore, is alone good, becomes at Blake inactive, all-accepting, that is why non originative, non the capable beginning to development ; on the contrary, rebellious Harm ( Hell ) sees to it the get downing active, making for it, interrupting traditional A ­ representations, moves development. The good personifies A ­ religious stagnancy, and Harm – throwings and spirit battles without which A ­thought motion is impossible. Jehovah appears in a verse form as a terrible, despotic divinity A ­ and it is really identified with Urizen. The Satan, A ­ on the contrary, is shown as the picker, the combatant bodying A ­ the Poetic Genius. Breaking Christianity canons, Blake the Christ, tries to turn out, that more likely, belonged to party of the Satan for was guided by Imagination and preferred to follow the desires and suggestions, alternatively of the imposed tenet. The imaginativeness which Blake considers as the higher ability of the individual, doubtless, starts with the Hell. The sky personifies an order, reason, bigotry ; the Imagination is held down by nil, chaotically and perfectly irrationally. Traditional Harm A ­ becomes in A « The Marriage†¦ A » A symbol of religious freedom, originative A ­ energy, reformative the universe, and traditional Good – A ­ a passiveness and bigotry symbol. However Blake remains it is true to the A ­ dialectics and asserts, that two antonyms are huffy about each other and merely their coexistence, â€Å" a matrimony † behaviors to original spiritualty. The 2nd major inquiry A « The Marriage†¦ A » is a inquiry of integrity of psyche and a organic structure. Blake rejects supported of Swedenborg traditional representations about a organic structure as A «sinful fleshA ­A » ( i.e. Harm ) and to a shower as NN‚? µ? »NN† ? µ A ­ Godhead fire ( i.e. Good ) . Marrying A ­ occurs non merely in a existence, but besides in each of the person: psyche and a flesh – are unvarying. Blake asserts, that A «All Live – Is sacredA » , that is the material universe non merely is a pale A ­ transcript of the universe heavenly, it is arrogant and self-sufficing, that is why is in ain manner perfect. The psyche does non be individually from a flesh as the flesh is so sacred, every bit good as psyche ; and therefore animal desires are wholly non iniquitous ( as confirms the Sky ) , on the contrary, sinfully their suppression. In release of a flesh A ­ which will do release of spirit, Blake sees a m anner to a cleansing Apocalypse, to falling of Kingdom Urizen. Surely, the care A «Sky and Hell WeddingA » A ­ is non settled at all by these general commissariats. This hard A ­ and deep philosophical merchandise written in A ­ feature for Blake an allegorical, nonliteral mode. He did non draw a bead on to simplicity for affairs about which it narrated A ­- common dealingss of Good and Harm, the Person and the God, – do non endure simplification, but the thoughtful reader can non acquire into an kernel of its doctrine and to track, at least partially, a thought class A «great visioneryA » . The period Blake ‘s battle against God with its defiance, A ­ all-rejection and maximalism has appeared shortA ­ . It was followed by deep crisis and – as its consequence A ­- a long silence, full refusal of the publication of the merchandises. Religious crisis has returned Blake to believe on the God, on Innocence, but already in its other understanding. Now it considers creative activity of a material universe as a constituent and direct consequence of Fall from what follows, that the flesh is inherently opposite to a religious A ­substance and, therefore, is ab initio iniquitous. The particular topographic point among Blake ‘s merchandises of this period A ­ occupies a verse form â€Å" The Mental Traveller † ( written apprx. 1800 ) . It some sort of the religious autobiography of the poet and at the same time religious life of world. Blake describes beginning, a jubilation and diminution of any thought and A ­ in analogue shows, how its ain sights developed and changed. A « Songs of Innocence and Experience A » – it is the widest a known portion Blake ‘s heritages. They give full plenty, but far non thorough representation about creativeness of this A ­ singular maestro. It would be desirable to trust, that finally A ­ the Russian reader will pull off to acquire acquainted more full with A ­ a heritage of the great poet-seer which has in many respects anticipated A ­ the farther development of poesy, and human idea as a whole. Auguries of Artlessness â€Å" Auguries of Innocence † by William Blake occupy a particular topographic point in his work. This piece dates from 1801-1803 old ages and conventionally related to the 2nd period of his poesy. This old ages new religious quest Blake, when it replaced the idealistic, the realistic temper of the yesteryear comes an wholly new construct of peace, based on – perceptual experiences of world in the integrity of all its contradictory facets. It is hard to find the genre of the work. At first familiarity it seems that in â€Å" Auguries of Innocence † is no definite secret plan line, they seem merely axiomatic fragments, in no manner linked. As one of the most complex and original phenomena of European literature, â€Å" Auguries of Innocence † is an organic portion of the artistic universe of Blake. Understanding of this work can non be outside the context of the poet. The chief job that confronts a author, stated in the rubric of the verse form – â€Å" Auguries of Innocence. † In Blake ‘s Artlessness does non be apart from cognition, these mutual oppositions are non negate each other, all co-exist in integrity. It was this thought ( the combination of incompatible ) tends to reflect the poet in his work. Poem â€Å" Auguries of Innocence † was preceded by a rhythm of verse forms â€Å" Songs of Innocence and ExperienceA » , which shows really clearly the dialectical vision of the universe poet. â€Å" The significance of the book – the thought of continuity of human religious experience, his unity, †¦ amalgamation in some higher synthesis inherent in the personality of the birth of † artlessness, pureness – and all the inevitable edification of each are far from being ideal. â€Å" It is poesy, â€Å" where the universe is comprehended in the brushs, the higher harmoniousness of the ageless and intolerable societal dissection, the current of his being, at the intersections of mutual oppositions. † ( 4, 28 ) , and these mutual oppositions of artlessness and cognition do non contradict each other, everything is interconnected, everything exists in integrity. â€Å" We can non reject one another glorified, because everything in life is inextricably intertwined. † ( 5, 19 ) The same perceptual experience of contrast we see in â€Å" Auguries of Innocence. † But Blake infinite assortment of this dialectic battle of creative activity and devastation. His images are continuously germinating. From this diverseness, at first glimpse, a simple manner that makes it hard to understand. ( 12, 171 ) Start â€Å" Auguries of Innocence † with lines that are most frequently quoted when mentioning to the name of William Blake, with the lines have become a pronunciamento of English Romanticism: To see a World in a grain of sand, And a Heaven in a wild flower, Hold Infinity in the thenar of your manus, And Eternity in an hr. ( 1, 324 ) No accident that this stanza reminds one of the first. It expressed the cardinal rule of Blake. Here we are speaking about the position of the internal and external. In each grain of sand, the writer seeks to spot a contemplation of the religious kernel, the desire for direct acclivity from a individual, private experiences to the boundlessly broad, cosmopolitan generalisations. And it was called a adult male with imaginativeness. Center of the complex artistic universe of Blake is the adult male. Man is heaven and Earth, snake pit and Eden and all the phenomena of the universe at the same time. The poet says: Thou art a Man: God is no more: Thy ain Humanity learn to adore, For that is My spirit of life. ( The Everlasting Gospel ) This is Imagination is what helps to throw off the bonds of an enslaved spirit, unleash the perceptual experience, â€Å" see infinity in one minute. † The value of free imaginativeness – the chief thought of the following path: A redbreast robin in a coop Puts all Heaven in a fury. A dove-house fill ‘d with doves A ; pigeons Frissons Hell thro ‘ all its parts. The same thought is found in the â€Å" Proverbs of Hell † , from â€Å" The Marriage of Heaven and Hell † , which reads: † You ne’er know what is adequate unless you know what is more than plenty. † Here Blake negotiations about the human right to fulfill all their desires. Enslavement reinforces the subjugation of ground over imaginativeness. Blake defends the right of speculative homo believing which refuses to set any boundary lines. Humility Blake – the greatest perversion of human nature. â€Å" Blake hated it, because it means the forfeit of the God within adult male, the wickedness against the Holy Ghost. Forced humbleness is religious slaying. Persons should ne’er the subjected to Urizen ‘s â€Å" One Law for the Lion A ; Ox † ( The Marriage of Heaven and Hell ) . Humility is â€Å" the fast one of antediluvian Elf † ( The Everlasting Gospel ) . † [ S. Foster Damon. A Blake lexicon: the thoughts and s ymbols of William Blake ] The jurisprudence of all development is a battle. This is an thought the poet is in a self-contradictory signifier of â€Å" Proverbs of Hell † we find the undermentioned lines: â€Å" Sooner slaying an baby in its cradle than nurse unacted desires † , and â€Å" Auguries of Innocence † image â€Å" a redbreast in a coop † , embodies the reticent desire, poison the psyche of adult male. No demand to seek to acquire rid of enticement, merely traveling through the full emancipation can see the truth, because â€Å" he who desires but acts non, strains plague. † A Canis familiaris starv ‘d at his maestro ‘s gate Predicts the ruin of the State. A Equus caballus misus ‘d upon the route Calls to Heaven for human blood. Each call of the hunted hare A fiber from the encephalon does rupture. In these lines there is a symbolic image of England and the universe. William Blake created at the junction of era, it is non surprising that in his work, he tried to reflect and understand the events that took topographic point at that minute in his state and worldwide. The first efforts to look as early in the rhythm â€Å" Songs of Experience † that would subsequently slop over into the creative activity of such infinite verse forms as â€Å" Visions of the Daughters of Albion, † ( 1791 ) , â€Å" Europe a Prophecy † ( 1794 ) , â€Å" America a Prophecy â€Å" ( 1791 ) . Blake is really excited by the destiny of the state, and he tried to happen the causes of catastrophes and catastrophes, which was torn apart by England. He compares it to Babylon, where the thought of equality replaced by an attitude of a retainer ( the images of a Canis familiaris and beaten Equus caballuss ) and the proprietor, and the rule of freedom – the system of captivity of t he moral and societal. That ‘s what England Blake says in the verse form â€Å" London † from â€Å" Songs of Innocence and Experience † : I wander thro ‘ each charter ‘d street, Near where the charter ‘d Thames does flux, And grade in every face I meet Marks of failing, Markss of suffering. In every call of every Man, In every Infant ‘s call of fright, In every voice, in every prohibition, The mind-forg ‘d cuff I hear. How the Chimney-sweeper ‘s call Every black’ning Church appalls ; And the hapless Soldier ‘s suspiration Runs in blood down Palace walls. But most thro ‘ midnight streets I hear How the vernal Harlot ‘s expletive Blasts the new born Infant ‘s tear, And blights with pestilences the Marriage hearse. Cruel rationalism penetrated all domains of life, and societal and religious. Blake bitterly remarked: â€Å" The enquiry in England is, non whether a adult male has endowments and mastermind, but whether he is inactive and polite, and a virtuous buttocks, and obedient to Lords ‘s sentiments in art and scientific discipline. If he is, he is a good adult male ; if non, he must be starved. â€Å" [ Alexander Gilchrist, Anne Gilchrist. Life of William Blake ( 1880 ) , Volume 1 ] . In such a society a adult male is like â€Å" hunted hare. â€Å" Coarse rational head thwart any efforts of imaginativeness. It is inactive, the quest for the empyreal – unclaimed. A Alauda arvensis wounded in the wing, A cherubim does discontinue to sing. A Alauda arvensis here – Imagination in the clasp of Urizen. The image of Urizen appears in the ulterior plants of the poet. This mythology of Blake ‘s character, embodies the head ( your ground ) . Every wolf ‘s and lion’showl Raises from Hell a Human psyche. â€Å" The Wolf and the Lion † regarded as symbols of power of England. At Blake they become emblems of stiffness of a deceasing era. On anticipates the devastation of Babylon and the coming land of ageless Jerusalem. Empire is no more! And now the king of beasts A ; wolf shall discontinue – says concluding â€Å" Marriage†¦ â€Å" The wild cervid, rolling here and at that place, Keeps the Human psyche from attention. How to cite Songs Of Innocence And Experience English Literature Essay, Essay examples

Information Technology Essay Example

Information Technology Essay REPORT ON ATTACHMENT AT KENYA POWER AND LIGHTING COMPANY FOR THE PERIOD SEPTEMBER TO NOVEMBER 2009 NAME OF STUDENT: LESIAMITO DUNCAN SAIDIMU REGISTRATION NO: MAC-1-295-2/2007 NAME OF LECTURER: MR. RONALD WANYONYI Report submitted to the department of Computer information systems in particular fulfillment of the requirement for the bachelors of Science degree in computer information systems. SUBMISSION DATE: 9th December 2009 DECLARATION: I declare that this is my original work and has not been presented anywhere else to the best of my knowledge. Name†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦. Signature†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Date†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ CONFIRMATION BY THE SUPERVISOR I confirm work has not been presented anywhere else to the best of my knowledge. Name†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Signature†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Date†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Dedication I dedicate this report to my family and colleagues both in attachment and school who have been very supportive throughout the period I have been on my attachment. Acknowledgements I would wish to appreciate the greatly indebted support from the KPLC ITT staff. They offered a warm reception of orientation in all operation and greatly dedicated their precious effort guiding me throughout my attachment period. I also thank my supervisor Mr. Wanyonyi for guiding and assisting during the attachment period and in writing this report. I thank the Almighty father for the wonderful opportunity and strength during this period. Abstract This is report on my internship that I undertook in Kenya Power and Lighting Co. Ltd Central Rift region IT T department for the period September-November 2009. It entails the activities and duties assigned to me during this period they involved printer fault diagnosis and repair, software installation and configuration, preventive maintenance, taking of inventory and hardware repair and replacement. We will write a custom essay sample on Information Technology specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Information Technology specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Information Technology specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer It also came across different software, hardware and Information Systems that I used, repaired, installed or configured; these included Ics, Dcs, Tms among others. The attachment was about implementing the theoretical skills gained in the class practically as well as developing a room for further research and exchange of ideas. I got to interact with many people who helped me educationally, emotionally and socially I company should decentralize some of administration support activities to the branch offices in order to reduce delays the delivery of services. Table of content Acknowledgements†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Abstract. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦ Table of content. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦ Dedication†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. List of Symbols and Their Respective Meanings. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦ CHAPTER ONE Introduction. †¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦ Location. †¦ †¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Information Technology. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦ †¦ Telecommunication†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦. Kenya Power and Lighting Ltd Vision Statement†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦ Kenya Power and Lighting Ltd Mission statement†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦.. †¦ KPLC core values. . †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚ ¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦.. †¦. †¦ †¦ KPLC Internal Motto. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦.. †¦ KPLC External Motto. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. KPLC’S ROLE†¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Organization Details. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Transmission and distribution†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦ Demand/ supply of electricity:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Organizational Structure Central Rift (Nakuru). †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ IT T Policy Document. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Objectives of IT T†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦ Vision of IT T Division†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦ Definition of IT T Policy.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ CHAPTER TWO Duties /Activities. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Information Technology Department. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Data Network.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Duties†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Software†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Hardware†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Information Systems†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ CHAPTER THREE Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦. Significance of the course to the attachment†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Significance of the course to the attachment†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Critiques. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã ¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦. Recommendations. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦. List of symbols and their respective meanings LCA: Local Collection Application DCS: Design and Construction System ICS: Integrated Customer Service CPU: Central Processing Unit PC: Personal Computer MS Exchange: Microsoft Exchange LRA: Local Reading Application UPS: Uninterrupted Power Supply HHS: -Hand Held Set SCADA: -System Control and Data Acquisition RTU: -Remote Terminal Unit DTU: -Data Terminal Unit ITT Information Technology and Telecommunication TKL:- Telkom Kenya. KDN: -Kenya Data Network. 1. CHAPTER ONE 1. 1 Introduction. The Kenya Power and Lighting Company Ltd. (KPLC) is a limited liability company responsible of electricity transmission, distribution and retailing in Kenya. The company is a national electric utility, managing electric, licensing, billing, emergency electricity service and customer relations. It is a Public limited company listed at the Nairobi Stock Exchange (NSE) with the Government of Kenya owning 51% and 49% by the public in form of share ownership. KPLC was incorporated in 1922 as the East African Power Lighting Company (EAPL). It changed its name to The Kenya Power and Lighting Company Ltd. (KPLC) in 1983. Before a major power sector restructuring in 1997, KPLC managed all generating stations on behalf of the Government. Currently, KPLC manages some diesel-generating stations which are owned by the government known as Independent power producers (IPP), which are isolated from the national grid in marginalized areas such as Merti, Lodwar and Baragoi. 1. 2 Contacts Central Office Address: Kenya power and Lighting Company, P. O Box 30099, Nairobi. Tel: 020-32013201, Website: www. plc. co. ke Nakuru Office Address. Kenya power and Lighting Company. P. O Box 104-20100. Nakuru. Tel 051-2211594 Cell: 073560006 0720860006 Website: www. kplc. co. ke 1. 3 Location. The Central office is Located at Stima Plaza on Kolobot Road, Nairobi. The company’s main functions are carried out under various divisions. These include customer service, Distribution (Design and construction, Operations and maintenance), Energy Transmission, Human Resources Administration, Transport Supplies, Finance, Information Technology and Telecommunication. Internal Audit, Protective Services and Communications departments fall directly under the Managing Director. The company has six administrative areas. These are; Nairobi Region, Mt Kenya Region, Coast Region, North Rift Region, Central Rift Region and West-Kenya Region. All services offered by the main divisions are replicated in each area, which are headed by functional heads who report to the Regional Manager. A Kenya Power And Lighting Company (Central Rift) office is located at Electricity House along Moi Road next to Provincial Commissioner Offices in Nakuru. It contains departmental offices within the various divisions, which perform different functions. An example of these departments is the IT T department which handles ICT functions within the company. The Central Rift Region has other offices linked to it, represented diagrammatically as below: |Ravine | |Maralal | |Lanet | | | | | |NAKURU | |Narok | |Nyahururu | |Naivasha | KPLC Vision Statement. To achieve world class status as a quality service business enterprise so as to be the first choice supplier of electrical energy in a competitive environment. † KPLC Mission statement. â€Å"To efficiently transmit and distribute high quality electricity throughout Kenya at cost effective tariffs; to achieve the highest standards of customer service; and to ensure the company’s long-term technical and financial viability†. KPLC core values. †¢ Customer driven †¢ Teamwork †¢ Results driven †¢ People focused †¢ Empowerment Innovation †¢ Prof essionalism †¢ Equal opportunity †¢ Ethics/Integrity †¢ Social responsibility †¢ Environment friendly KPLC Internal Motto. â€Å"My company my pride† KPLC External Motto. â€Å"On public Service† KPLC’S Role. KPLC owns and operates the entire electricity transmission and distribution system in Kenya, and sells electricity to over 1 million customers. The company’s key operations include: ? Planning, designing, construction and maintenance of the distribution network. ? Customer service. ? Ensuring sufficient transmission capacity to meet demand 1. 4 Organization Details 1. 4. 1Transmission and distribution KPLC is responsible for ensuring ample transmission capacity to maintain supply and facilitate quality electricity. It also develops and maintains the distribution networks and satisfactory services to the customer. The combined network of transmission and Distribution lines stretch for more than 23,000 kilometers across the country. Electricity is transmitted at high voltages. In Kenya, electrical power is generated between 11 and 15kV. The electricity is then stepped up to 220kV or 132kV for transmission to sub-stations large power users. It is then stepped down to 66kV, 33kV and 11kV at various feeder points for distribution to consumers. Large industrial and commercial customers are supplied at these high voltages. The electricity is stepped down to 415v/240v for other consumers 1. 4. 2 Demand and Supply of electricity: Demand for electricity in Kenya stands at around 825 MW. However, the country has an installed generating capacity of more than 1,200 MW, though sometimes about 15% of this is usually unavailable due to drought and shutdowns of generating plants to facilitate repairs and Maintenance. 1. 4. 3 Organizational Structure Central Rift (Nakuru) 1. 5 IT Telecommunication DIVISION IT T is a division is divided into two departments; IT and telecommunication. Information Technology. This department handles all computer hardware (Pc’s and servers), data Communication, Software issues and advices on all the matters that’s relate to IT. Telecommunication. The function of this Department is to provide efficient and reliable communication system within the company and other regions. This Includes Radio Communication ,Telephony and Communication through PLC. 1. 6 IT T Policy Document. 1. 6. 1 Introduction. Since the first edition was written in Year 2002, a number of improvements have been made and the ICT technology keeps changing for the better. This second edition of the ICT Policy incorporates the changes that have been realized so far. Included especially is the â€Å"IT Review and Action Plan† document, dated October 31, 2006. Information and Communications Technology Policy addresses security issues and how to effectively apply and maintain information systems, thereby facilitating protection of critical, valuable and confidential information together with its associated systems. Most people are likely to recognize the impact and severity of the loss or theft of confidential designs for a new product. However they do not always recognize the potential risk, and consequential result, of seemingly innocent activities, such as copying software or copying the corporate database onto their laptop computer or not documenting changes made to their systems. The purchase and installation of hardware and software requires those involved to consider carefully the Information Security issues involved in this process. Careful consideration of the companys business needs is paramount, as it is expensive to make subsequent changes. Analysis of user requirements versus the various benchmarks test results, will establish the best choice of server/software to be purchased. Installation of new equipment must be properly considered and planned to avoid unnecessary disruption and to ensure that the IT T Policy issues are adequately covered. The issue of IT consumables is looked into. These are expensive and should be properly controlled both from an expense perspective as well as an Information Security perspective. Valuable items should always be kept in a secure environment to avoid damage or loss. 1. 2 Objectives of IT . To provide efficient, effective and reliable communication systems that meets and exceeds KPLC voice and data requirements. To ensure availability of the communications systems that exceeds the set target of 97% To continually improve the telecommunication systems to meet and conform to the current world standards. To ensure mnaximum customer satisfaction in the IT division. 1. 6. 3 Vision for IT T Division. We strive to provide nothing but the best means of data and telecommunications services to the company and the country as a whole. 1. 6. Definition of IT T Policy. A set of rules, regulations, procedures and plans of action for administration of equipment resources, and services in the IT T division. CHAPTER TWO. 2. 1 Duties and Activities. During my attachment in the Information Technology and Telecommunications (IT) division. the following are among the duties I was designated to perform. †¢ Software Installation. †¢ Printer Fault Diagnosis and Repairs. †¢ Antivirus Installation. †¢ Preventive Maintenance. †¢ Networking. †¢ User support. †¢ Taking of inventory. †¢ Repair and maintenance of various hardware. j[ 2. 2 SOFTWARES The following are the software used in the various departments and which I was exposed to in installation and support. †¢ Microsoft Windows Server 2003. †¢ McAfee Version 8. 5i †¢ Microsoft office 2007 †¢ Power Builder †¢ Oracle 9i †¢ SQL Server †¢ AutoCAD. †¢ SPS (Strategic Planning System). †¢ Adobe reader 2. 3 Hardware PCs Ups. Server: Cisco routers, switches Printers. HHS. Network cables. 2. 4 Information systems a). ICS (Integrated Customer Service Application) This is an online System with a centralized Database situated at the Head office. Used by Cashiers, Customer Service Officers, and Meter Reading. The Software integrates a number of functions that is Contracting New Customers, Billing of Customer, Cash Collection etc. b). DCS Online(Design and Construction System) This is an online system interfaced with ICS System which Design Engineers Use to do costing of Service line Applications. The same is also used for booking of Service line construction Materials from Stores Section. c). DCS Offline (Design and Construction System offline). An Offline system used by Designers to download jobs ,design lines and cost projects and later upload the jobs to the DCS online system after they complete the job. d). LCA (Local Collection Application) This is an offline Cash Collection Application mainly used by Cashiers when the ICS System Fails. The transactions are a stored locally on a Batch file which is later downloaded to the Central Database. e). TMS (Transport Management System) This is a system used by the Transport Department and Costing Section to keep records of company vehicles and their maintenance costs. Also used to keep records on mileage returns and labor cost returns. f). LRA (Local Reading Application) This is a system designed to upload and download meter reading records from the ICS system for billing. The HHS set is used for this purpose connected via COM1 port. This system is used by the meter-reading section under customer service department. This system helps to determine how much the customer has consumed and hence the amount to be charged. g). Medicare Application. This is a system used to keep the medical expenditure records of the KPLC employees and their dependants. It is used by the human resource administration department. h). IMS (Incidence Management System) This is an Online System Used by the Operation and Maintenance Department to keep track of Temporary Power line Break downs and customer complaint on Blackouts and Voltage fluctuation. ). EIS (Executive Information System) This is a system interfaced with all other company Systems and it provides the executive with summarized reports to facilitate Decision making and Policy formulation. j). MDB (Management Database System) This is a system that summaries all the operations in ICS System and presents it in a report form. Used by management to monitor Performance. k). SAP (Sys tem Application and Products) This is a System used in the Finance Procurement Department. It keeps Supplier Records, Payroll Management, and Company Budget Management etc. l). Scada This is a system that is used for Tele operation on the power station. This includes Telemetry and Switching, by the engineers at the National control center to all the manned and unmanned station m). Ripples System This system is used to control street lighting and water heaters. This is achieved by automatically varying the frequencies on the power 2. 5 Data Network. The KPLC C/Rift has an extensive data network thus enabling it to have distributed systems where users can access network resources such as the databases that are centralized and other network resources such as Printers. I was involved in installation of networks that is trucking and terminations cables and labeling of data points, configuration installation of network Equipments such as the routers and switches of the cabinets. WAN for C/Rift TKL KDN At the end of each modem there is a Router and a Switch connected to it to form a network. Each Modem is connected to the Router through a V. 35 Cable CHAPTER THREE 3. 1 Conclusion. During my internship I have really gained a lot and I really endeavored the industrial attachment basically because it granted me an exposure and a chance to evaluate my potential. I was able to learn about many systems and practices in the IT world. I also got an opportunity to travel to different areas and interact with other people. I got used to working environment. 3. 2 Significance of the program to the attachment The program equipped me with the theoretical base which I was able to relate to the practical setting. I also gained interpersonal skills and wide knowledge due to the fact that the program offers various from diverse fields. 3. 3 Significance of the student learning I was able to learn more about hardware, software and the information systems used in the real life. I able to interact with other staff and students on attachment from various institutions to share ideas. 3. 4 Critiques. During my internship period I noted a few IT practices that hindered smooth running of operations in the IT T Division This includes these following, †¢ Most of the users are not are willing to use the helpdesk system thus hindering proper service delivery. †¢ Many system administration support are centralized at the regional office thus causing delays in service delivery. †¢ Many of the users are not conversant with basic computer operation. †¢ Use of old machine which are very slow. The company had most of the hardware and software that are in the IT world so I gained enough practical. †¢ The company offered attachment places to many student and so the was interaction among different students. 3. 5 Recommendations. 1. The organization should have tint windows or blenders to protect machines from direct sunlight 2. Security measurements s hould be implemented 3. Single server unit should be provided to help in the machine management in all labs 4. Tables in the labs are so uncomfortable in the sense that when you put the sit inside you are unable to put legs Reference 1. KPLC website www. kplc. co. ke 2. Stima journal Regional Manager Asst Manager Energy transmission Eng. Revenue finance officer IT/T Eng Customer service Eng. Distribution Eng HR/Adm officer Transport Eng. Asst. HR Administration Telecom Asst distributor engineer Asst customer service IT support Asst Energy Eng. Asst accountant Customer service clerk Energy transmission technician Revenue accountant Distributor technician DTU DTU Gilgil Maralal Ravine Narok Nku Depot Lanet Nyahururu Molo Naivasha Nakuru R O U T E R Information Technology Essay Example Information Technology Essay REPORT ON ATTACHMENT AT KENYA POWER AND LIGHTING COMPANY FOR THE PERIOD SEPTEMBER TO NOVEMBER 2009 NAME OF STUDENT: LESIAMITO DUNCAN SAIDIMU REGISTRATION NO: MAC-1-295-2/2007 NAME OF LECTURER: MR. RONALD WANYONYI Report submitted to the department of Computer information systems in particular fulfillment of the requirement for the bachelors of Science degree in computer information systems. SUBMISSION DATE: 9th December 2009 DECLARATION: I declare that this is my original work and has not been presented anywhere else to the best of my knowledge. Name†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦. Signature†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Date†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ CONFIRMATION BY THE SUPERVISOR I confirm work has not been presented anywhere else to the best of my knowledge. Name†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Signature†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Date†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Dedication I dedicate this report to my family and colleagues both in attachment and school who have been very supportive throughout the period I have been on my attachment. Acknowledgements I would wish to appreciate the greatly indebted support from the KPLC ITT staff. They offered a warm reception of orientation in all operation and greatly dedicated their precious effort guiding me throughout my attachment period. I also thank my supervisor Mr. Wanyonyi for guiding and assisting during the attachment period and in writing this report. I thank the Almighty father for the wonderful opportunity and strength during this period. Abstract This is report on my internship that I undertook in Kenya Power and Lighting Co. Ltd Central Rift region IT T department for the period September-November 2009. It entails the activities and duties assigned to me during this period they involved printer fault diagnosis and repair, software installation and configuration, preventive maintenance, taking of inventory and hardware repair and replacement. We will write a custom essay sample on Information Technology specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Information Technology specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Information Technology specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer It also came across different software, hardware and Information Systems that I used, repaired, installed or configured; these included Ics, Dcs, Tms among others. The attachment was about implementing the theoretical skills gained in the class practically as well as developing a room for further research and exchange of ideas. I got to interact with many people who helped me educationally, emotionally and socially I company should decentralize some of administration support activities to the branch offices in order to reduce delays the delivery of services. Table of content Acknowledgements†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Abstract. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦ Table of content. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦ Dedication†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. List of Symbols and Their Respective Meanings. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦ CHAPTER ONE Introduction. †¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦ Location. †¦ †¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Information Technology. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦ †¦ Telecommunication†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦. Kenya Power and Lighting Ltd Vision Statement†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦ Kenya Power and Lighting Ltd Mission statement†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦.. †¦ KPLC core values. . †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚ ¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦.. †¦. †¦ †¦ KPLC Internal Motto. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦.. †¦ KPLC External Motto. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. KPLC’S ROLE†¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Organization Details. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Transmission and distribution†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦ Demand/ supply of electricity:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Organizational Structure Central Rift (Nakuru). †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ IT T Policy Document. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Objectives of IT T†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦ Vision of IT T Division†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦ Definition of IT T Policy.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ CHAPTER TWO Duties /Activities. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Information Technology Department. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Data Network.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Duties†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Software†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Hardware†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Information Systems†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ CHAPTER THREE Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦. Significance of the course to the attachment†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Significance of the course to the attachment†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Critiques. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã ¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. †¦. Recommendations. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦. List of symbols and their respective meanings LCA: Local Collection Application DCS: Design and Construction System ICS: Integrated Customer Service CPU: Central Processing Unit PC: Personal Computer MS Exchange: Microsoft Exchange LRA: Local Reading Application UPS: Uninterrupted Power Supply HHS: -Hand Held Set SCADA: -System Control and Data Acquisition RTU: -Remote Terminal Unit DTU: -Data Terminal Unit ITT Information Technology and Telecommunication TKL:- Telkom Kenya. KDN: -Kenya Data Network. 1. CHAPTER ONE 1. 1 Introduction. The Kenya Power and Lighting Company Ltd. (KPLC) is a limited liability company responsible of electricity transmission, distribution and retailing in Kenya. The company is a national electric utility, managing electric, licensing, billing, emergency electricity service and customer relations. It is a Public limited company listed at the Nairobi Stock Exchange (NSE) with the Government of Kenya owning 51% and 49% by the public in form of share ownership. KPLC was incorporated in 1922 as the East African Power Lighting Company (EAPL). It changed its name to The Kenya Power and Lighting Company Ltd. (KPLC) in 1983. Before a major power sector restructuring in 1997, KPLC managed all generating stations on behalf of the Government. Currently, KPLC manages some diesel-generating stations which are owned by the government known as Independent power producers (IPP), which are isolated from the national grid in marginalized areas such as Merti, Lodwar and Baragoi. 1. 2 Contacts Central Office Address: Kenya power and Lighting Company, P. O Box 30099, Nairobi. Tel: 020-32013201, Website: www. plc. co. ke Nakuru Office Address. Kenya power and Lighting Company. P. O Box 104-20100. Nakuru. Tel 051-2211594 Cell: 073560006 0720860006 Website: www. kplc. co. ke 1. 3 Location. The Central office is Located at Stima Plaza on Kolobot Road, Nairobi. The company’s main functions are carried out under various divisions. These include customer service, Distribution (Design and construction, Operations and maintenance), Energy Transmission, Human Resources Administration, Transport Supplies, Finance, Information Technology and Telecommunication. Internal Audit, Protective Services and Communications departments fall directly under the Managing Director. The company has six administrative areas. These are; Nairobi Region, Mt Kenya Region, Coast Region, North Rift Region, Central Rift Region and West-Kenya Region. All services offered by the main divisions are replicated in each area, which are headed by functional heads who report to the Regional Manager. A Kenya Power And Lighting Company (Central Rift) office is located at Electricity House along Moi Road next to Provincial Commissioner Offices in Nakuru. It contains departmental offices within the various divisions, which perform different functions. An example of these departments is the IT T department which handles ICT functions within the company. The Central Rift Region has other offices linked to it, represented diagrammatically as below: |Ravine | |Maralal | |Lanet | | | | | |NAKURU | |Narok | |Nyahururu | |Naivasha | KPLC Vision Statement. To achieve world class status as a quality service business enterprise so as to be the first choice supplier of electrical energy in a competitive environment. † KPLC Mission statement. â€Å"To efficiently transmit and distribute high quality electricity throughout Kenya at cost effective tariffs; to achieve the highest standards of customer service; and to ensure the company’s long-term technical and financial viability†. KPLC core values. †¢ Customer driven †¢ Teamwork †¢ Results driven †¢ People focused †¢ Empowerment Innovation †¢ Prof essionalism †¢ Equal opportunity †¢ Ethics/Integrity †¢ Social responsibility †¢ Environment friendly KPLC Internal Motto. â€Å"My company my pride† KPLC External Motto. â€Å"On public Service† KPLC’S Role. KPLC owns and operates the entire electricity transmission and distribution system in Kenya, and sells electricity to over 1 million customers. The company’s key operations include: ? Planning, designing, construction and maintenance of the distribution network. ? Customer service. ? Ensuring sufficient transmission capacity to meet demand 1. 4 Organization Details 1. 4. 1Transmission and distribution KPLC is responsible for ensuring ample transmission capacity to maintain supply and facilitate quality electricity. It also develops and maintains the distribution networks and satisfactory services to the customer. The combined network of transmission and Distribution lines stretch for more than 23,000 kilometers across the country. Electricity is transmitted at high voltages. In Kenya, electrical power is generated between 11 and 15kV. The electricity is then stepped up to 220kV or 132kV for transmission to sub-stations large power users. It is then stepped down to 66kV, 33kV and 11kV at various feeder points for distribution to consumers. Large industrial and commercial customers are supplied at these high voltages. The electricity is stepped down to 415v/240v for other consumers 1. 4. 2 Demand and Supply of electricity: Demand for electricity in Kenya stands at around 825 MW. However, the country has an installed generating capacity of more than 1,200 MW, though sometimes about 15% of this is usually unavailable due to drought and shutdowns of generating plants to facilitate repairs and Maintenance. 1. 4. 3 Organizational Structure Central Rift (Nakuru) 1. 5 IT Telecommunication DIVISION IT T is a division is divided into two departments; IT and telecommunication. Information Technology. This department handles all computer hardware (Pc’s and servers), data Communication, Software issues and advices on all the matters that’s relate to IT. Telecommunication. The function of this Department is to provide efficient and reliable communication system within the company and other regions. This Includes Radio Communication ,Telephony and Communication through PLC. 1. 6 IT T Policy Document. 1. 6. 1 Introduction. Since the first edition was written in Year 2002, a number of improvements have been made and the ICT technology keeps changing for the better. This second edition of the ICT Policy incorporates the changes that have been realized so far. Included especially is the â€Å"IT Review and Action Plan† document, dated October 31, 2006. Information and Communications Technology Policy addresses security issues and how to effectively apply and maintain information systems, thereby facilitating protection of critical, valuable and confidential information together with its associated systems. Most people are likely to recognize the impact and severity of the loss or theft of confidential designs for a new product. However they do not always recognize the potential risk, and consequential result, of seemingly innocent activities, such as copying software or copying the corporate database onto their laptop computer or not documenting changes made to their systems. The purchase and installation of hardware and software requires those involved to consider carefully the Information Security issues involved in this process. Careful consideration of the companys business needs is paramount, as it is expensive to make subsequent changes. Analysis of user requirements versus the various benchmarks test results, will establish the best choice of server/software to be purchased. Installation of new equipment must be properly considered and planned to avoid unnecessary disruption and to ensure that the IT T Policy issues are adequately covered. The issue of IT consumables is looked into. These are expensive and should be properly controlled both from an expense perspective as well as an Information Security perspective. Valuable items should always be kept in a secure environment to avoid damage or loss. 1. 2 Objectives of IT . To provide efficient, effective and reliable communication systems that meets and exceeds KPLC voice and data requirements. To ensure availability of the communications systems that exceeds the set target of 97% To continually improve the telecommunication systems to meet and conform to the current world standards. To ensure mnaximum customer satisfaction in the IT division. 1. 6. 3 Vision for IT T Division. We strive to provide nothing but the best means of data and telecommunications services to the company and the country as a whole. 1. 6. Definition of IT T Policy. A set of rules, regulations, procedures and plans of action for administration of equipment resources, and services in the IT T division. CHAPTER TWO. 2. 1 Duties and Activities. During my attachment in the Information Technology and Telecommunications (IT) division. the following are among the duties I was designated to perform. †¢ Software Installation. †¢ Printer Fault Diagnosis and Repairs. †¢ Antivirus Installation. †¢ Preventive Maintenance. †¢ Networking. †¢ User support. †¢ Taking of inventory. †¢ Repair and maintenance of various hardware. j[ 2. 2 SOFTWARES The following are the software used in the various departments and which I was exposed to in installation and support. †¢ Microsoft Windows Server 2003. †¢ McAfee Version 8. 5i †¢ Microsoft office 2007 †¢ Power Builder †¢ Oracle 9i †¢ SQL Server †¢ AutoCAD. †¢ SPS (Strategic Planning System). †¢ Adobe reader 2. 3 Hardware PCs Ups. Server: Cisco routers, switches Printers. HHS. Network cables. 2. 4 Information systems a). ICS (Integrated Customer Service Application) This is an online System with a centralized Database situated at the Head office. Used by Cashiers, Customer Service Officers, and Meter Reading. The Software integrates a number of functions that is Contracting New Customers, Billing of Customer, Cash Collection etc. b). DCS Online(Design and Construction System) This is an online system interfaced with ICS System which Design Engineers Use to do costing of Service line Applications. The same is also used for booking of Service line construction Materials from Stores Section. c). DCS Offline (Design and Construction System offline). An Offline system used by Designers to download jobs ,design lines and cost projects and later upload the jobs to the DCS online system after they complete the job. d). LCA (Local Collection Application) This is an offline Cash Collection Application mainly used by Cashiers when the ICS System Fails. The transactions are a stored locally on a Batch file which is later downloaded to the Central Database. e). TMS (Transport Management System) This is a system used by the Transport Department and Costing Section to keep records of company vehicles and their maintenance costs. Also used to keep records on mileage returns and labor cost returns. f). LRA (Local Reading Application) This is a system designed to upload and download meter reading records from the ICS system for billing. The HHS set is used for this purpose connected via COM1 port. This system is used by the meter-reading section under customer service department. This system helps to determine how much the customer has consumed and hence the amount to be charged. g). Medicare Application. This is a system used to keep the medical expenditure records of the KPLC employees and their dependants. It is used by the human resource administration department. h). IMS (Incidence Management System) This is an Online System Used by the Operation and Maintenance Department to keep track of Temporary Power line Break downs and customer complaint on Blackouts and Voltage fluctuation. ). EIS (Executive Information System) This is a system interfaced with all other company Systems and it provides the executive with summarized reports to facilitate Decision making and Policy formulation. j). MDB (Management Database System) This is a system that summaries all the operations in ICS System and presents it in a report form. Used by management to monitor Performance. k). SAP (Sys tem Application and Products) This is a System used in the Finance Procurement Department. It keeps Supplier Records, Payroll Management, and Company Budget Management etc. l). Scada This is a system that is used for Tele operation on the power station. This includes Telemetry and Switching, by the engineers at the National control center to all the manned and unmanned station m). Ripples System This system is used to control street lighting and water heaters. This is achieved by automatically varying the frequencies on the power 2. 5 Data Network. The KPLC C/Rift has an extensive data network thus enabling it to have distributed systems where users can access network resources such as the databases that are centralized and other network resources such as Printers. I was involved in installation of networks that is trucking and terminations cables and labeling of data points, configuration installation of network Equipments such as the routers and switches of the cabinets. WAN for C/Rift TKL KDN At the end of each modem there is a Router and a Switch connected to it to form a network. Each Modem is connected to the Router through a V. 35 Cable CHAPTER THREE 3. 1 Conclusion. During my internship I have really gained a lot and I really endeavored the industrial attachment basically because it granted me an exposure and a chance to evaluate my potential. I was able to learn about many systems and practices in the IT world. I also got an opportunity to travel to different areas and interact with other people. I got used to working environment. 3. 2 Significance of the program to the attachment The program equipped me with the theoretical base which I was able to relate to the practical setting. I also gained interpersonal skills and wide knowledge due to the fact that the program offers various from diverse fields. 3. 3 Significance of the student learning I was able to learn more about hardware, software and the information systems used in the real life. I able to interact with other staff and students on attachment from various institutions to share ideas. 3. 4 Critiques. During my internship period I noted a few IT practices that hindered smooth running of operations in the IT T Division This includes these following, †¢ Most of the users are not are willing to use the helpdesk system thus hindering proper service delivery. †¢ Many system administration support are centralized at the regional office thus causing delays in service delivery. †¢ Many of the users are not conversant with basic computer operation. †¢ Use of old machine which are very slow. The company had most of the hardware and software that are in the IT world so I gained enough practical. †¢ The company offered attachment places to many student and so the was interaction among different students. 3. 5 Recommendations. 1. The organization should have tint windows or blenders to protect machines from direct sunlight 2. Security measurements s hould be implemented 3. Single server unit should be provided to help in the machine management in all labs 4. Tables in the labs are so uncomfortable in the sense that when you put the sit inside you are unable to put legs Reference 1. KPLC website www. kplc. co. ke 2. Stima journal Regional Manager Asst Manager Energy transmission Eng. Revenue finance officer IT/T Eng Customer service Eng. Distribution Eng HR/Adm officer Transport Eng. Asst. HR Administration Telecom Asst distributor engineer Asst customer service IT support Asst Energy Eng. Asst accountant Customer service clerk Energy transmission technician Revenue accountant Distributor technician DTU DTU Gilgil Maralal Ravine Narok Nku Depot Lanet Nyahururu Molo Naivasha Nakuru R O U T E R